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Roycroft History

 
 

"Never encourage the manufacture of any article not absolutely necessary, in the production of which Invention has no share. Never demand an exact finish for its own sake, but only for some practical or noble end. Never encourage imitation or copying of any kind, except for the sake of preserving records of great works." John Ruskin

             

Touch the warmth and integrity of Arts & Crafts. Visualize a home sited as harmoniously as if it grew from the soil, enduring and firmly rooted with stone masonry, shingled sides, and with purposefully designed colors and motifs taken from nature. The interior style includes materials such as oak, mica and copper; the use of natural-finish wood and exposed joinery is evidenced in wainscots, inglenooks, exposed roof beams and staircases; rectilinear shapes are reflected in multiple-pane windows, lamps, cabinets and construction lines; the cabinets and doors are decorated with heavy exposed hinges of hammered iron and copper; perhaps even the pattern of pine cones and gingko leaves can be noticed in the wallpaper or pillows. It is a fine, handsome place that is easy on the eyes and natural to the heart.

The American Arts & Crafts movement grew out of an idealism which swept England and Europe in the mid-eighteen hundreds. In England it was the influential John Ruskin and William Morris who created an aesthetic revolution, believing an ultimate good came of things made by the craftsman's hand, and believed an uninspired ill came of the Industrial Revolution's mass production. Both Scotland's Charles Rennie MacKintosh and Austria's Josef Hoffman were powerful influences in the evolution of classical proportions, unadorned line and basic retreat from the embellished and ornate Victorian style. In Finland, by the turn of the century, the combined effort of Eliel Saarinen, Herman Gesellius and Armas Lindgren created White Lake, Hvittrask, a superb Arts & Crafts home filled with handmade furniture and ryijy rugs woven by Eliel's wife, Loja.
AUTHOR'S NOTE: THE HOME PAGE OF THE "ARTS & CRAFTS STYLE"      http://frontpage.lightspeed.net/oracle
             


A and C History

Founders Of The Arts & Crafts Movement 1870 - 1900

ART AND WORKMANSHIP
by
W. R. LETHABY

Morris & Co
"Fine Art Workmen in Painting, Carving, Furniture and the Metals."

Craftsman Styles
Politically, it was a period of Nationalism as the United States began its ascendency as a world power.

William Morris
http://www.desert-fairy.com/stylemorris_life.html

Greene & Greene
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Orchard/8642/

  The Decorative Arts,
An Address Delivered Before the
Trades' Guild of Learning by William Morris,
(Dec. 4, 1877)
Art And The Handicraftsman
By Oscar Wilde
New England Artisans Guild:
Arts & Crafts Movement Furniture, Craft and Design
Arts & Crafts Movement Furniture
At the Columbian Exposition, Chicago,1893.
Modern Life And Progress by William Morris (Dec. 4, 1877)
English Arts & Crafts Landmarks
Kelmscott, Wightwick Manor
 

 

If you just love great architecture try http://www.greatbuildings.com/

Why not become a Roycrofter! http://www.roycrofter.com/rala/rala.html

 

             

Gustav Stickley (1858-1942)

Gustav Stickley believed that power tools were useful for freeing the crafts person to concentrate more fully on the art of joinery and quality of the work. His contribution to the Arts and Crafts movement was to popularize the idea of blending interior design with architecture so that a home and it's contents were of one accord. His magazine, The Craftsman, was so enthusiastically received that even today the Arts & Crafts style of architecture is often referred to as "Craftsman", although, only a house originating from plans published by Stickley through his magazine can be a true Craftsman Home.

It is not certain how Gustav Stickley developed his ideas. He traveled to Europe and around the U.S., viewing the architectural styles of Josef Hoffmann, Ashbee, C. F. A. Voysey and M. H. Baillie-Scott, as well as Will Bradley interiors and the houses of the Prairie School movement, led by Frank Lloyd Wright. Stickley also appears to have learned a great deal from his brief associations with architects E. G. W. Dietrich and Harvey Ellis. The Columbian Exposition at Chicago in 1893 included a building by K.K. Cutter of Spokane, Washington which has been described as a hybrid of Swiss chalet and log cabin, with interior furnishings similar to later American Arts & Crafts popularized by Gustav Stickley. It may be presumed that Stickley was influenced by the exposition of 1893, but it is certain his travels to Europe in 1898 inspired him to return and establish a furniture workshop called United Crafts, the beginning of the Stickley line of furniture.

Over the next 20 years demand increased for Craftsman Homes and Stickley furniture, but so did the competition and imitation. The A & C Movement became so well established that everyone had a choice: Americans on a budget built Sears and Aladdin "kit" homes; the wealthy had Greene and Greene, Frank Lloyd Wright and others to fulfil their Arts & Crafts dreams; and to the American middle class it was Stickley and his Craftsman Home plans.

David Cathers, in his book, The Furniture of the Arts and Crafts Movement, divides Stickley's furniture work into periods that can be applied to his house desins as well:

•The Experimental period is 1900-1903;

•The First Mission period, 1904-1907;

•The Mature period, 1909-1915;

•The Final Mission period, 1916.

             

Organization of the Movement:
The Century Guild for Craftsmen founded in London--1882
The Art Workers Guild founded in London--1884
The Arts & Crafts Exhibition Society holds first exhibit, London--1888
Central School of Arts & Crafts opens, London, directed by W. R. Lethaby--1896

The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood:
BROWN, Ford Maddox (artist)
"The Last of England"--1864-1866
"Take Your Son, Sir"--

Arts & Crafts Architecture and Design:
WEBB, Philip [1831-1915] The Red House, Bexleyheath, near London--1859-1860
SHAW, Richard Norman [1831-1912] Houses, Shops, and Church @ Bedford Park, near London--1880s+
MACKINTOSH, Charles Rennie [1868-1928] Glasgow School of Art, Glasgow--1899+
"Hill House" for Walter Blackie, Helensburgh, near Glasgow--1903
LUTYENS, Edward Landseer (Sir) [1869-1944]
Lindisfarne Castle, Holy Island, Northumberland, England--1903-1904
LETHABY, W. R. [1857-1931] All Saints Church, Brockhampton-upon-Wye, England--1902
SAARINEN, Eliel [1873-1950] "Hvittrask", near Helsinki, Finland--
GESELLIUS, Herman [1874-1916]
LINDGREN, Armas [1874-1929] "Hvittrask", near Helsinki, Finland--
Pohjola Insurance Co. offices, Helsinki--
EYRE, Wilson [1858-1944] "Anglecot", near Philadelphia--1883+
RICHARDSON, Henry Hobson [1838-1886] Trinity Episcopal Church, Boston, MA--1872+
Crane Memorial Library, Quincy, MA--1880-1882 Ames Gate Lodge, North Easton, MA--1880
M. F. Stoughton residence, Cambridge, MA--1883
WRIGHT, Frank Lloyd [1867-1959] F. L. Wright house, Oak Park, IL--1889+
James Charnley residence, Chicago--1891 <done for Adler & Sullivan>
W. H. Winslow residence, River Forest, IL--1893 <Wright's first independent commission>
W. W. Willits residence, Highland Park, IL--1901-1902
Avery Coonley residence, Riverside, IL--1906-1907
"Fireproof House for $5,000" in the Ladies Home Journal--April 1906
F. C. Robie residence, Chicago--1908-1909
GREENE, Charles Sumner [1868-1957]
GREENE, Henry Mather [1870-1954] David B. Gamble residence, Pasadena, CA--1905-1908

             

Links to Resource Sites & Sites to See

www.ucrafts.com A collection of traditional handcrafted linen textiles, wool dhurries, stoneware place settings and bronze candlesticks, whose designs orginate from the American Arts & Crafts period.

http://www.burrows.com Hand-printed Art Wallpaper and Fabric, Traditional loomed Carpet and Lace.

http://www.crown-point.com/ArtsCrafts.nav.html Call it Mission, Stickley, Prairie, or even Frank Lloyd Wright; the name varies but there is no mistaking the design. Rich dark woods, distinctive door style, and geometric elements.

http://www.stickley.com/stickley/ Stickley Furniture. With great care the craftsman runs his skilled hands over the chair he has just built. His fingers communicate with the wood, telling him things even his trained eye cannot detect. Only when he is certain that each surface, every joint is perfectly crafted and finished, will he then affix the Stickley shopmark to the piece.

http://www.neaguild.com/macrodel/ Mack & Rodel Cabinetmakers is a 2-person custom shop building exclusively in the style of the Arts & Crafts Movement of 100 years ago.

http://www.pacificcoast.net/~ghgdesign/ Graham H. Gregory Design Ltd. artisans of lamps & lighting in wood, copper & glass. We specialize in the design and production of hand made, original lighting crafted from a unique selection of coastal British Columbia indigenous woods.

The Movement website offers links to informational sites, Websites with items for sale, Show Information and also a discussion group for those wanting to chat with others about Arts & Crafts.
call (513) 559-1405 EST Mon-Sunday 9am-8pm.

Sindelar & O'Brian, Arts & Crafts Movement offering wonderful antiques, they specialize in Art Pottery, Art Glass, the Arts & Crafts Movement and other Objects of Exemplary Design.

The Arts and Crafts Movement Review has an excellent collection of web links to Arts & Crafts sites.

The Heart of Oak Workshop http://www.heartofoakworkshop.com produces fine quality Arts & Crafts furnishings and accessories.

http://www.4berea.com/jaxco/ Jax, Arts & Crafts rugs. Vegetable-dyed Turkish Donegal and Voysey designs are Arts & Crafts carpets made from 100% handspun wool.

http://furnituremaker.com/ A custom furnituremaker/designer working primarily in the American Arts & Crafts style.

Craftsman Farms
2352 Rt. 10-W, Box 5, Morris Plains, NJ 07950
Phone: (201)540-1165;
Open April - October,
Thursdays 12-3, Saturdays and Sundays 1-4.

Bradbury & Bradbury Art Wallpapers
P.O. Box 155
Benicia, CA 94510
Phone: 707/746-1900; 707/745-9417 (fax)
Email: info@bradbury.com

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~dESIGN by Robert Buss
Revised: 10 Mar 1999 21:16:23 -0800.